# Single-phase dielectric

Part ID: 5.09a · Layer 5 (Liquid cooling (IT-side: chip to CDU)) · child of 5.09

Single-phase dielectric fluids that stay liquid throughout the loop and are used mainly in open-tank immersion cooling systems.

## Companies

| Company | Role | Confidence | Ownership | Ticker | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Castrol | manufacturer | inferred | subsidiary |  |  |
| ExxonMobil | manufacturer | inferred | public | XOM |  |
| Lubrizol | manufacturer | inferred | subsidiary |  |  |
| Shell | manufacturer | inferred | public | SHEL |  |
| Cargill | manufacturer | inferred | private |  |  |
| Engineered Fluids | manufacturer | inferred | private |  |  |

Confidence tags: disclosed = company/filing statement; reported = trade press or partner list; inferred = taxonomy lead.