{
 "id": "3.04",
 "slug": "optical-transceivers-400g-800g-1-6t",
 "url": "/parts/networking-and-interconnect/optical-transceivers-400g-800g-1-6t",
 "name": "Optical transceivers",
 "qualifiers": "400G / 800G / 1.6T",
 "layer": {
  "id": 3,
  "name": "Networking & interconnect"
 },
 "parent_id": null,
 "children": [],
 "summary": "Pluggable optical modules that convert electrical signals to light for transmission over fiber between switches and servers, sold at 400G, 800G, and 1.6T speeds.",
 "description_md": "Optical transceivers plug into the switch systems (3.03) and NICs to link them over the fiber and connectors in 3.11, carrying the scale-out traffic that copper cabling (3.09) can't reach as far or as fast. Inside each module sit the lasers (3.06), DSPs and drivers (3.07), and — as speeds rise — silicon photonics (3.08) that do the actual signal conversion; module vendors largely assemble and test these components rather than build them all in-house, which is why optics contract manufacturing (3.05) is its own layer. AI clusters consume far more optical ports per GPU than general-purpose data centers because of the scale-out bandwidth growth described in 3.02, and the industry's steady move from 400G to 800G to 1.6T tracks rising per-GPU network bandwidth requirements directly. An investor should watch module vendor concentration by speed grade, since a small number of merchant module makers plus a GPU vendor's own branded modules account for most volume at the newest speeds, and watch qualification cycles as each new speed grade requires re-qualifying lasers, DSPs, and photonics together.",
 "ai_delta": "AI clusters need far more optical ports per GPU than general-purpose data centers, and the push to higher per-GPU bandwidth accelerates the transition from 400G to 800G to 1.6T modules.",
 "bottleneck_status": null,
 "scale_tiers": [
  "hyperscale_building",
  "ai_campus",
  "gw_class"
 ],
 "density_modes": [
  "any"
 ],
 "scale_notes": "Volume scales directly with GPU and switch port count; negligible at enterprise scale, the dominant network cost line at hyperscale and above.",
 "flow": [
  "data"
 ],
 "companies": [
  {
   "company_id": "accelink",
   "name": "Accelink",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "002281.SZ",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "applied-optoelectronics",
   "name": "Applied Optoelectronics",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "AAOI",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "broadcom",
   "name": "Broadcom",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "AVGO",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "cisco",
   "name": "Cisco",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "CSCO",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "coherent",
   "name": "Coherent",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "COHR",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "eoptolink",
   "name": "Eoptolink",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "300502.SZ",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "hg-genuine",
   "name": "HG Genuine",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "000988.SZ",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "innolight",
   "name": "Innolight",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "300308.SZ",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "jabil",
   "name": "Jabil",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "JBL",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": "ex-Intel silicon photonics unit",
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "lumentum",
   "name": "Lumentum",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "LITE",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "nvidia",
   "name": "Nvidia",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "NVDA",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": "sells own-branded modules",
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "tfc",
   "name": "TFC",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "public",
   "ticker": "300394.SZ",
   "product_note": null,
   "note": "optical engines",
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "hisense-broadband",
   "name": "Hisense Broadband",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "private",
   "ticker": null,
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "molex",
   "name": "Molex",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "private",
   "ticker": null,
   "product_note": null,
   "note": "Koch",
   "source_url": null
  },
  {
   "company_id": "source-photonics",
   "name": "Source Photonics",
   "role": "manufacturer",
   "confidence": "inferred",
   "ownership_type": "private",
   "ticker": null,
   "product_note": null,
   "note": null,
   "source_url": null
  }
 ]
}